Health Problems in Costa Rica: What You Need to Know

Planning a trip or moving to Costa Rica? The country’s lush rainforests, beautiful beaches, and laid‑back vibe attract many visitors. But the same climate that creates paradise also brings a few health quirks. Knowing what to expect helps you enjoy your stay without getting sick.

Common Tropical Ailments

Mosquito‑borne illnesses are the top concern. Dengue fever, Zika, and Chikungunya all appear in the rainy season, especially from May to November. Symptoms usually start with fever, joint pain, and a rash. If you feel any of these, see a doctor right away – early treatment reduces complications.

Another frequent issue is travel‑related stomach upset. Tap water isn’t always safe for visitors, so stick to bottled or filtered water, avoid ice cubes, and wash fresh produce before eating. Food‑borne bugs like E. coli and Salmonella can cause diarrhea and dehydration, which can quickly become serious if you don’t re‑hydrate.

Sun, Heat, and Outdoor Hazards

Sunburn and heat exhaustion are easy to overlook when you’re lounging on a beach or hiking a volcano. The UV index stays high year‑round, so use sunscreen with at least SPF 30, wear a hat, and reapply every two hours. Stay hydrated, especially if you’re trekking at higher altitudes where the air is thinner.

If you love water sports, beware of freshwater parasites like Schistosoma. While rare, they can cause skin rash and flu‑like symptoms. Stick to swimming in well‑maintained pools or sea water, and avoid wading in stagnant ponds.

Lastly, the country’s mountainous regions can trigger altitude‑related headaches and shortness of breath. Take it slow, give your body time to adjust, and consider a short rest day before tackling more strenuous activities.

Healthcare in Costa Rica is generally good, especially in larger cities like San José where many doctors speak English. Public clinics (EBAIS) handle basic care, while private hospitals provide faster service for emergencies. Keep a list of nearby medical facilities and carry a copy of your health insurance.

In summary, a few simple habits – drinking safe water, protecting against mosquito bites, using sunscreen, and pacing yourself on hikes – go a long way toward staying healthy in Costa Rica. By preparing ahead, you can focus on the rainforests, volcanoes, and pura vida lifestyle without worrying about avoidable illnesses.